Japan History In Urdu/Hindi - Woh 5 august 1945 ki aik sham thi suraj ki alwidai kirnain japan ke ilaqon se tezi se ghaib hoti ja rahi thien aur andhera japan ka muqadar banta ja raha tha. Atomi hamlay se pehle ye japan mein akhri raat thi aur littile boy nami amreeci atom bomb subah japan ke shehar hiroshima mein basnay wale 2 lakh ke qareeb japani shehriyon ki na sirf zindagiyan khatam kar dene wala tha par pure ke puray hiroshima shehar ko bhi ura dene wala tha. Japan aur America aik dusre par apni puri quwat se hamlay karne mein masroof thay. Magar aik aam japani shehri ki zindagi bohat mushkil ho chuki thi. Anday, doodh chai aur kayi dusri ashya dukanon se ghaib ho chukien thien. Sabziyan sonay ke bhao bikti thien aur petrol aam logon ki dastras se bahir ho gaya tha.
Sarkon par niji gariyan na hone ke barabar thien. Sirf fauji truck nazar atay thay ya phir paidal ya cycle sawar shehri dikhai dete thay. Jub dusri jang e azeem ka aghaz hua tha tab Japan ke is shehar mein taqreeban 4 lakh se zayada afrad rehtay thay. Hiroshima japani fauj ke liye intihai aham shehar tha kyun keh ye shehar japani fauj ko jang jari rakhne ke liye har mumkin madad faraham kar raha tha yahan se japani fauj ko bari tadad mein gola barood bhi faraham kiya ja raha tha. Yehi wajah hai keh japan ki fauj ne hiroshima mein rehnay walon ki bari tadad ko is shehar se japan mein hi dusre ilaqon mein muntaqil kiya aur ab hiroshima mein 2 lakh se zayada afrad apni zindagi guzar rahe thay jo ye nahin jantay thay keh hiroshima ke asman par utri hoi ye raat un ki zindagi ki akhri raat hai.
5 august 1945 Hiroshima mein raat ke 11 baj rahe thay lekin woh amreeci bambaar tayara jo subah hiroshima par atom bomb giranay wala tha woh Tinian jazeeray par khara tha. Tinian ka waqt hiroshima se 1 ghanta agey hai is liye Tinian mein 6 august 1945 ki khaufnak tareekh ka aghaz ho chuka tha.
Japan ke kis shehar par atom bomb giraya jaye amreeca ne is ke liye japan ke 4 shehron ko chuna tha aur woh 4 shehar thay Hiroshima, Nagasaki, Kokura aur is ke baad Niigata shehar ki bari thi. Par in 4 shehron mein se sub se pehle kis shehar par atom bomb giraya jaye amreeca ne is par kafi ghoor kiya aur phir ye faisla kiya keh Hiroshima chunkeh sanati aur fauji aitbar se bara aham shehar hai is liye us shehar par atom bomb giraya jaye.
Amreeca ye faisla kar chuka tha keh jis jahaz se japan par atom bomb giraye jaye ga woh Tinian jazeeray se uran bharay ga aur us jahaz ki hifazat karne ke liye 2 jahaz bhi japan rawana hon ge. Un 2 jahazon mein jadeed cameray aur alaat bhi hon ge takeh woh Atom bomb lay janay wale jahaz ki hifazat karne ke sath sath atom bomb ki tabkari aur us se hone wale nuqsan ka jaeza lay sakain aur atom bomb se tabah hone wale hiroshimi ki videos aur tasaweer bhi bana sakain. Par in jahazon ke uran bharnay se pehle amreeca ne 3 mazeed jahaz japan bheejnay ka faisla kiya takeh woh japan ke mausam aur halaat ka jaeza lay sakain aur atom bomb girane wale jahaz ko us ke bare mein maloomat faraham kar sakain.
In aham faislon ke ilawa amreeca ne ye aham faisla bhi kiya keh japan par ataom bomb girane wale b29 bambaar tayare ko kernal paul uraye ga. Kernal paul 2 lakh japani shehriyon ko maut ke ghat utarne ke liye bilkul tayar tha usay is baat par zara sa bhi afsoos nahin tha keh woh ab se kuch ghanton baad jahan dunya ka pehla atom bomb girane ja raha hai wahan log pighal jayain ge aur tarap tarap ke mar jayain ge.
Jahaz mein 9700 pound wazni little boy nami atom bomb rakh diya gaya tha aur kernal paul atom bomb se laday jahaz ko lay kar bas kuch dair mein rawana hone wala tha kernal paul jis jahaz mein japaniyon ke liye qayamat lay kar rawana hone wala tha us ne us tayare ka naam apni maa ke naam par enola rakha tha. Kernal paul ne raat 12 bajay akhri briefing detay hue is mission mein shamil apne sathiyon se kaha
"Hamara hadaf Hiroshima hi rahe ga"
Is ke 15 minute baad raat 12 baj kar 15 minute par is khatarnak mission ki kamyabi ke liye dua ki gaye.
America ke is intihai khufiya mission ko mukamal karne ke liye 3 jahaz raat 1 baj kar 37 minute par japan ke mausam aur halaat ka muaena karne japan ke 3 mukhtalif shehron Hiroshima, Kokura, and Nagasaki ki taraf rawana hue. 3 jahazon ka 3 mukhtalif japani shehron ki taraf rawana hone ka maqsad ye tha keh agar amreeca kisi wajah se hiroshima par atom bomb giranay mein nakam rehta hai tou us surat mein atom bomb Kokura ya Nagasaki par giraya jaye ga.
2 baj kar 27 minute par us jahaz ka engine start kiya gaya jis mein atom bomb para hua tha. Is ke 8 minute baad 2 baj kar 35 minute par jahaz tinian ke jazeeray ke aik runway par uran bharnay ke liye bilkul tayar khara tha. Tinain mein ab bhi andhera chaya hua tha par ye andhera ab se thori dair baad japaniyon ki zindagi mein chanay wale andhere se zayada gehra nahin tha.
2 baj kar 45 minute par jahaz ke pilot kernal paul ne jahaz ke co pilot robert lewis se kaha.
"Chalo chalte hain"
2 baj kar 47 minute par jahaz atom bomb lay kar hawa mein buland ho gaya aur yun japaniyon ke liye qayamat qareeb ati ja rahi thi.
6 August 1945
Ye 6 august 1945 ka aik bhayanak din tha suraj japan ke shehron mein nikalta hua dikhai de raha tha hiroshima mein zindagi mamool ke mutabiq thi shehri subah uthnay ki tayariyon mein masroof thay aur ye baat bilkul bhi nahin jantay thay keh maut un ke bilkul qareeb pohanch chuki thi amreeca ka jangi tayara atom bomb liye japan ki fizaon ke qareeb pohanchta ja raha tha. Japani waqt ke mutabiq subah 6 baj kar 15 minute par tayare ke amlay ne atom bomb girane ke liye zaroori iqdamat karne shuru kar diye aur akhir mein unhon ne atom bomb ki safety pin bhi nikal li. Woh jahaz jo hiroshima mein mausam aur halat ka jaeza lainay rawana hua tha us ne 7 baj kar 24 minute par hiroshima shehar par parwaz karte hue b29 bambaar tayare ke pilot kernal paul ko paigham bheja keh hiroshima mein mausam saaf hai aur bomb giranay ke liye halaat sazgar hain. Is ke baad woh jahaz hiroshima se rawana ho gaya.
Hiroshima mein rehne wale 2 lakh se zayada afrad ke paas apni zindagi bachane ke liye sirf aik hi rasta tha keh woh hiroshima shehar se bahir nikal jayain aur aisa karne ke liye un ke paas ab sirf 45 minute hi baqi bache thay. Lekin woh becharay karte bhi tou kya karte woh tou bilkul bhi nahin jantay thay keh amreeca un par atom bomb phenknay wala hai jis se un ke sare khwab, un ka sara shehar aur un ki sari zindagi khatam hone wali thi.
Atomi hamla hone se sirf 15 minute pehle kuch japaniyon ne apne mulk ki fizaon mein nihayat neechi parwaz karte hue 3 amreeci jahazon ko dekha jo hiroshima shehar ki taraf barh rahe thay. Jahaz japan ke uper se aur waqt japaniyon ke hathon se tezi se guzarta gaya aur japaniyon ke liye 8 baj kar 15 minute ka woh manhoos waqt bhi aya jub jahaz hiroshima shehar ke ain uper namudar hua aur achanak 31000 foot ki bulandi par ja pohancha. Jese hi jahaz 31600 foot ki bulandi par pohancha jahaz se 9700 pound yani 4400 kg wazi atom bomb hiroshima ki abadi ki janib gira diya gaya. Atom bomb tezi se zameen ki taraf barhne laga aur kernal paul ne tez raftari ke sath apne tayare ka rukh tabdeel kiya takeh atom bomb ke dhamake se jahaz ko lagne wale jhatkon se bacha ja sakay.
43 second baad atom bomb hiroshima ki abadi se 19000 foot bulandi par phat gaya aur bomb phatnay ke 1 micro second mein yani jitni dair mein aik bijli ka bulb on hota hai hiroshima mein darja hararat 6000 degree centigrade tak ja pohancha jo keh suraj ke darja hararat se bhi kahin zayada hai par ye darja hararat chand lamhon ke liye raha magar phir girne laga.
1 meel ke daire ke andar har chez jal kar bhasam ho gayi yahan tak keh pukhta tareen imaraton ke balai hisay bighal kar beh gaye. Us 1 meel ke daire mein atomb bomb bhatnay ke 1 second ke andar andar 70000 log bhap ban kar urr gaye un ko cheekh tak marnay ka mauqa na mila woh bhap ban kar aisay uray keh un se pehle dunya mein koi insan is tarah nahin mara tha.
Jis waqt atom bomb phata tha hiroshima mein Sumitomo bank ki aik branch ke bahir seerhiyon par koi baitha hua tha. Woh intihai garam hawa aur tez shuaon se usi lamhe bhap ho gaya aur us ke saye ka nishan hi serhi par reh gaya. Us waqt aik aur waqie mein aik talib ilm jali hoi halat mein ghar ki taraf bhaga. Mushkil se woh apni topi hi utar saka tha tab us ke kapre us ki chamri se chipak gaye thay. Us ki maa ne qenchi se kaat kaat kar bohat mushkil se unhain utara. Aik japani ne apni kitab mein is waqia ke bare mein bataya keh us ke zakhmon mein keeray par gaye thay us ki maa ne us bache ke tan se aik aik kar ke tamam keeray nikalay par akhir mein woh bach nahin saka tha.
Waqt guzarne ke sath sath marne walon ki tadad 1 lakh se uper chali gayi. Na hawaon mein urta hua koi parinda zinda bacha na zameen par insan aur hewan shehar mein har taraf aag hi aag thi. Darakhton samait shehar mein har chez jal kar rakh ho chuki thi. Hiroshima par dhonwain ke badal cha chukay thay har taraf andhera cha gaya tha. Atam bomb ka dhamaka itna taqatwar tha keh hiroshima par atom bomb giranay wala jahaz jo keh 31000 foot ki bulandi par parwaz kar raha tha woh bhi hichkolay khanay laga. Jahaz ke pichlay hisay mein baithay Bob Caron ne apne cameray se jahaz se nichay tabahi o barbadi ke manazir ki tasweer li jis mein jamni badlon ke andar se roshni ka 3000 foot buland mashroom ki shakal ka margholah uper uth raha tha.
1 meel ke daire ke bahir bhi beshumar log jal kar koela ho chukay thay parinde darkhton par ghonslon mein hi bhun gaye thay balkeh sholon ka hisa bane hue thay. Jis jagah atom bomb gira tha wahan se sarhay 6 hazar foot door bhi kaghaz jesi ashya ne aag pakar li thi, logon ke jismon par mojood kapre jism se chipak gaye thay. Kyun keh sub kuch sakht tapish se pighal chuka tha lihaza telegraphic system aur radar bhi mukamal tabah ho chukay thay. Puray japan ka hiroshima se rabta kat chuka tha jis ki wajah se japan mein rehnay walon ko bhi ye maloom nahin tha keh hiroshima mein kesi qayamat ayi hoi hai.
Aik 37 saalah muqami sahafi jis ka naam nakamura tha us waqt hiroshima se bahir tha lekin dhamakay ke asar se woh gir para aur us ka chehra sheesha lagne se zakhmi ho gaya par nakamura ne apni motar cycle nikali aur shehar ki taraf rawana ho gaya. Woh hiroshima ki tabahi dekhne wala pehla sahafi tha us ne apne akhbar ko jo breaking news bheji woh ye thi
"Sawa 8 bajay dushman ke 2 jahazon ne hiroshima par koi khas bomb gira diya hai. Hiroshima mukamal tabah ho chuka hai."
Jub akhbar ke bueru cheif ko ye khabar mili tou us ne yaqeen karne se inkar kar diya. Us ne kaha keh fauj is baat ko tasleem nahin kar rahi keh shehar tabah ho gaya hai aur itni tadad mein log mar gaye hain. Us ne nakamua se kaha keh woh halakaton ki tadad ko kam kar de. Jis par nakamura ne usay jawab diya
"Fauj bewakoof hai."
Japani fauji qayadat heran thi keh hiroshima par na tou koi bara fizai hamla hua hai aur na hi wahan gola barood ka itni bara zakheera hai jis se itni bari tabahi mach sakti hai. Is liye japani fizaiya ke aik tayare ko hiroshima bheja gaya takeh woh surathaal ka jaeza lay kar japani fauj ko itla de.
Hiroshima mein akhir kya hua tha Japani fizaiya ka jahaz yehi jannay ke liye hiroshima pohancha aur 3 ghantay tak hiroshima ki fizaon mein parwaz karta raha us ki samajh mein nahin araha tha keh akhir hiroshima mein kya hua hai. Pilot jahaz lay kar wapas laut gaya aur apne aqaon ko sirf yehi khabar de saka keh usay hiroshima par siwaye badalon aur dhunwain ke kuch nazar nahin aya.
Hiroshima mein kesi qayamat ayi thi is ka pata dunya ko tab chala jub 6 august 1945 ko washington dc ke waqt ke mutabiq subah 11 bajay amreeci sadar ka bayan amreeci radio par sunai diya jis mein dunya ne ye suna
mulahiza farmayain amreeca ne japan par aik nayi qisam ka bomb phenk diya hai isay atom bomb kehte hain.
American sadar ne apne bayan mein japan ko dhamki di keh agar potsdam ailamiya 26 july ke mutabiq japan ne ghair mashroot tor par hathyar nahin dalay tou amreeca japan ke dusre shehron par bhi aise hi tabah kun hamlay kare ga.
Kahan gayi insaniat, charind parind se mohabbat? mahool dosti jis ki khatir dunya bhar mein hungama macha hua hai, aur ozone ki satah aur na janay kya kya? Ye thi insaniat ke alambardaron ki zuban ke mazeed tabahi pheelayain ge. Atomi hamla hone ke 1 second ke andar andar 70,000 afrad halak hue is ke baad tadad 1 lakh se uper chali gayi aur agar cancer aur lambay arsay tak bimari se marnay walon ko bhi gin liya jaye tou hiroshima par amreeca ke atomi hamlay se marnay walon ki tadad 2 lakh tak pohanchti hai.
Amreeci atomi hamlay se 60% japani qayamat khez darja hararat aur aag ke shoolon se jhulas kar mare gaye, 30% log malba girnay ki wajah se mare gaye jabkeh 10% degar wajuhat se is dunya se chale gaye.
Pacific ocean yani behrul kahil mein lari janay wali jangain, phillipine ki jang, ittehadiyon ke beshumar fizai hamlay aur atomi hamlay se hiroshima ki tabahi ke baad japan ki fauj kafi kamzoor ho chuki thi. Japan ki bad kismati dekh kar Russia bhi pechay na raha aur us ne bhi japan par hamla kar diya. Rus ne japan par usi din hamla kiya jis din amreeca ne japani shehar nagasaki par aik aur atom bomb gira diya tha aur japan ke us shehar mein bhi qayamat utar ayi thi. Hum japan ke aur shehron par bhi aise hi atomi hamlay karain ge amreeci sadar ke is bayan ke baad bhi puri dunya soyi rahi. Taqatwar mumalik ke rehnumaon ko japan ke liye nahin tou kam se kam insaniat ke liye tou uthna chahiye tha.
Amreeca ne jo kaha woh hiroshima par atomi hamlay ke sirf 3 din baad kar ke bhi dikhaya aur japan ke aik aur shehar nagasaki par bhi atom bomb gira diya aur wahan bhi qayamat utar ayi ayi aur wahan par bhi insan hiroshima mein rehne wale insanon ki tarah bhap ban kar urr gaye.
Hiroshima par atomi hamlay mein zinda bach janay walon ki dastanain is se bhi zayada dil dehla dene wali hain ye dastanain aisi hain jin ke bare mein dunya mein bohat hi kam log jantain hain. Hiroshima mein atomi hamlay mein zinda bach janay walon par kya guzri aisi hi dastanon ke bare mein jannay ki koshish karain ge hum apne agle article mein.
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