Jalaluddin Akbar Urdu History Jalaluddin Muhammad Akbar Information In Hindi

Jalaluddin Akbar Urdu History: Mughal farma nirwa jalal ul den muhammad akbar 14 october 1542 ko sindh ke makam umar kot main paida hua. Ye wo dor tha jab mughal badshah humayun , shair shah sori se shikast kha kar jala watni ki zindagi guzar raha tha. Akbar 9 mah ka tha ke is ke walid humayun ne apne baki manda lashkar ke hamrah  kandhar ka rukh kia, jahan is waqt is ke chote bhai kamran mirza ki hukumrani thi, taham bhai ne humayun ke sath kuch zayada acha salook nahin kia, jis par is ne iran ka rukh karlia aur do sal wahan guzare. 1544 main iran ke badshah taihmasip ki madad se humayun ne kabul aur kandhar ko fatah kia aur apne bete akbar se mulakat ki jo kandhar main hi humayun ke dusre bhai askari ke sath mukeem tha. Is waqt akbar ki umar 3 sal thi. Jala watni ke bais iski taleem ka mustakil intazam na hosaka lekin isne degar fanon maslan, khailon, ghur sawari, teer andazi aur shamsheer zani wagera main maharat hasil karli. Jawani main bairam khan jaisa wafadar sipahi iska atalik mukarar hua. Ab to akbar har mar ke main apne walid ke hamrah rahne laga.

Chunache humayun ne delhi ko fatah kia to akbar ko punjab ka intazam sambhalne bhaij dia. Is doran humayun ne 24 january 1556 ko wafat pai. Is waqt akbar ki umar 14 baras thi. 14 february 1556 bairam khan ne akbar ki takht nasheeni ka ailan kardia. Idhar adil shah sori ka wazir haimon bakal punjab ki taraf barhta ke mughlon ko yahan se nikal de. Pani pat ke karib mughal salar Ali kuli khan shaibani ne ise shikast de kar iske top khane par kabza karlia. 5 november 1556 ko pani pat ke maidan main dusri bar bhi bakal ne shikast khai aur giraftar hokar mara gaya. Iski mout ke bad delhi aur agrah par akbar ka dubara kabza hogaya. Thore hi arse bad akbar ne ajmeer, gawaliyar, lucknow, jonpur wagera fatah karliye. Bairam khan 1516 main mubarak khan ke hathon mara gaya to tamam ikhtiyarat amla akbar ke hath main aa gae.

Akbar ne bairam khan se mulk giri aur amli siyasat ke jo sabak sekhe the inhain istamal karte hue 8 sal ke kalil arse main, malwa, gond wana, kalkhabar, gujrat aur bangal ke ilake apni kalmard main shamil karliye naiz takatwar sardaron ki bagawat ko sakhti ke sath kuchal kar mustahkam mughlia saltanat ki bunyad rakhi. 1585 main kabul, kashmir aur sindh, 1594 main balochistan, kandhar aur kabul ko fatah karke apni saltanat ko wasat di, youn shahenshah akbar ki saltanat bangal se afghanistan tak aur kashmir se darya e godawari tak wasat ikhtiyar kargai.

Akbar ne siyasi maslihat ke tehat rajpooton se dosti ke liye jo ikdamat kiye in main sar fehrist rajpoot gharanon main shadiyan thi. Jai pur ke raja bahari mil ne apni beti jodha bai ki shadi akbar se karadi. Nikah ke bad akbar ne ise "mariam zamani" ka khitab dia aur bahari mil ke bete bhagwan das aur pote man singh ko awla ahdon par mamor kia. Akbar ne raja man singh, raja todarmil aur raja bhagwan das ki salahiyaton se bharpur faida uthaya. Rajpooton ko mazid aitmad main laine ki khatir akbar ne hindu mat ki sar parasti ko apna shuwar bana lia maslan khud mathe par tilak lagana shuru kardia, hindon ko mazhabi azadi daine ke liye mandir tameer karne ki ijazat de di. Gae ka ziba mamnoo karar dia, hindu ki rasam dewali aur dashira wagera ki bhi sar parasti ki. Sati ki rasam ko khatam kia aur hindu bewahon ko dobara shadi ki ijazat di. Akbar ne na sirf hindon ko mazhabi azadi di balke yatra tax aur jazia tax bhi maf kardiye. Akbar ke is ikdam se rajpoot mughlia saltanat ke muhafiz aur akbar ke wafadar dost ban gae. Jin riyasaton ne dosti se inkar kia, akbar ne bazor shamsheer inhain matehat banalia maslan chator ke raja udae singh ne itat se inkar kia to akbar ne 1567 main chator ko bazor shamsheer fatah karlia. Bilashuba Akbar ki policy ko dor andaishi tadbar aur siyasi hikmat amli ka ek shahkar karar dia jasakta hai.

Shahenshah akbar ne 1581 main deen ilahi jari kia. Deen ilahi main nafs parasti, gaban, fareb, gebat, jabar, tadi, takhwif, aur takabur ki mamanat thi. Jo log akbar ke banae hue "deen ilahi" main dakhil hote the inhain bait karte waqt "AKBAR KHALIFAT ALLAH" ke sath deen islam mizaji o taklidi se alaidgi aur ikhlas chargana yani tark mal, tark jan, tark namos, tark deen ka ikrar karna parta, in mureedon ko jogiyon ki istalah main chaila kaha jata tha. Deen ilahi main jain mat ke akida ahnisa aur katholak esaiyon ki tajro pasandi ke nazariye ka izafa kia gaya. Deen ilahi main jin das fazail ki takid ki jati thi in main no galban bara e rast Quran majeed se makhooz the. Khushada nazri, amal bad se ijtanab aur gaiz ko halm se dabana, tashadud amaiz madi mashagil se parhaiz, parhaizgari, takwa, zehad, ehtiyat, narmi, shafqat, aur daswi fazilat ye thi ke sofia ke tarik par arzoo e ilahi ke zariye tazkiya nafs kia jaye.

Deen ilahi ka ek khas asool ye tha."is duniya main akbar hi khuda ka wahid khalifa hai" is ke paironkar apas main milte to " Allah o Akbar" kah kar ek dusre ka istaqbal karte. Sote waqt apne paon magrib ki taraf aur sar mashrik ki taraf karte.Har pairokar ek mukarara rakam bator zakat ada karta tha. Suraj, aag aur gae ki takdis bhi inke akaid main shamil thi. Akbar ke masahib khas abul alfazal ne ise "ayain rahnumai" ka name dia tha. Is zaman main shahenshah akbar ne ye ahkamat jari kiye the. 1 gae, bhains, ghore aur onth ko zubha na kia jae. 2. 12 sal se kam umar bache ki khitna na karai jae. 3. Malangon aur riyakaron ko shahir badar kardia jae. 4 qabrustan shahir ke bahir magrabi hise main banaya jae. 5 noroz ki rat ko chiragaa kia jae. 6. Takweem islami ke bajae farsi aur hindi takweem ko riwaj dia jae. 7. Aftab (soraj) ki tazeem ki jaye.

Shahenshah akbar ka dor hindustan main mughlia saltanat ke istahkam aur arooj ka zamana tha. Wo ek zairk, batadbeer aur bahadur hukumran tha. Taham mazhab ke hawale se matnaza ikdamat ke bais akbar ke bare main mutazad ara pai jati hain. Gair muslim morkhain ise ek wasi al mashrib hukum ran karar daite hue na sirf hindon ke sath iske hussun salook aur rawadari ko sarahate hain balke ise "Akbar azam" karar daite hain. Dusri janib musalmano ke mazhabi halke main "deen ilahi" ke hawale se akbar ke liye na pasandedgi ke jazbat pae jate hain.

Kya Akbar ne wakai ek naya mazhab jari kia tha1 is silsile main mutazad bayanat milte hain.is dor ke purtagesi padri likhte hain. " badshah sab mazhaib se kuch na kuch akhaz karna chahta hai aur mashoor hai ke wo apna mazhab jari karne wala hai." jadid morkhain, akbar ko nae mazhab "deen ilahi" ka bani samjhte hain lekin ehad akbari ki tawarikh main ye nam is surat main nahin milta. Behar hal akbar ki jari karda khirafat ki almae haq ki janib se zabardas mazahmat ki gai.

Shahenshah Akbar ne fanon latifa bil khasos adab ki bhi sar parasti ki. Sanskirt, arbi, turki, yunani zabano se farsi main tarajim karae. Sanskirt se jo kitabain tarjuma hui in main "maha bharat", "ramain", "bhagwat geeta" "atharweed" aur riyazi ki ek kitab "lilawati" mashoor hain. Hindi zaban ne bhi is zamane main bara firog hasil kia. Hindi ka behtaren shair tulsi das, akbar ka hamasar tha. Raja todar mil, raja man singh, abdul raheem khan khanan aur milado piyaz wagera shamil the. Ye sab apne apne shobe ki nihayat gair mamuli shakhsiyat the taham kaha jata hai ke akbar ko "deen ilahi" ke gumrah kun jal main phasane main inhi masahiben main se kuch log the. Shahenshah akbar ko apni zindagi ke akhri ayam main pe darpe sadme bardast karne pare.

Raja todarmal aur bairbal ke bad abu alfazal jaise karibi rafik se bhi mehroom hona para aur sab se barh kar do jawan beton shahzada murad aur shahzada daniyal ki mout aur shahzada saleem ke sath ranjish ne inki zindagi talkh kardi. 17 october 1605 ko akbar ne takriban 63 baras ki umar main wafat pai. Is ne kul 49 sal aur 8 mahine hakumat ki.